中考英语词汇专项练习：一词多义（八）

shy

作形容词,意为"害羞的,羞怯的".在句中作表语和定语.

He is new here. He is very shy.

The girl is kind of shy.

When I answer questions, I always feel shy.

My sister is a _________(害羞的) girl.

so

作并列连词,用来连接两个表示因果关系的句子.前面的分句表示原因,后面so引导的分句表示结果.表示"因为…所以…".在英语中because 和so不能同时存在.

I'm tired, so I don't want to go with you.

I don't want to go with you because I'm tired.

My father is an English teacher, so he can help you with your English.

My father can help you with your English because he is an English teacher.

I don't like hamburgers ______ I eat sandwiches.

A so B because C and D for

please

表示"请",多用于祈使句中,表示客气与礼貌,后接动词原形.

Pleasecome in.

Come in,please.

Please go to school tomorrow.

Go to school tomorrow, please.

祈使句是表示命令,请求的句子.省略了主语you, 以动词原形开头.其否定形式是在动词原形前面加Don't.以please开头的祈使句,其否定形式为 Please don't + 动词原形.

Please stand up.

Please don't stand up.

Sit down.

Don't sit down.

You can watch TV at home.(改为祈使句)

______ _______ at home.

sleep

作动词,意为"睡,睡觉".也可作名词,意为"睡觉,睡眠".构成以下词组:

go to sleep

get to sleep

Please be quiet! Your father is sleeping.

Let's have a sleep now.

asleep是形容词,意为"熟睡的".多用在系动词后作表语.

sleepy 是形容词,意为"有睡意的,困倦的".

My father is asleep now.

I'm sleepy when I listen to him.

go to bed和sleep

(1)go to bed 指"上床睡觉",强调从脱衣服到上床这一动作,表示准备睡觉,不含睡着之意.

(2)sleep指睡着的整个过程,用于现在进行时态中表示"正在睡觉".

I sleep for nine hours every day.

Don't make noise. Your father is sleeping.

Look! The baby is ____ in bed.

A sleep B asleep C go to bed D go to sleep

during/for

(1)during意为"在…期间,在…时候".多指一段时间中的某一时候或某几个时候.强调某事什么时候发生,不一定很精确.其同义词为in

(2)for强调多长时间,可能较准确.用来指事件持续时间.

It rained during the day.

He worked during the night.

My father slept for 10 hours yesterday.

-How long did you stay there?

-For two hours.

He studied very hard. He did his homework ___ the day.

A for B during C of D at

leaf

作名词,意为"树叶".其复数形式为leaves.在英语中,以f,fe结尾的名词变复数的时候,通常将f,fe变为v再加es

In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall down from the tree.

The animals likes to eat l_______ and grass.

名词复数形式变化规则:

(1)一般在名词词尾加-s

banana→bananas apple→apples

day→days boy→boys

(2)以-o,-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es

tomato→tomatoes hero→heroes

glass→glasses potato→potatoes

watch→watches church→churches

(3)有些以-o结尾的,是外来词,则加-s

photo→photos

(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,把y改为I,加es

story→stories family→families

(5)特殊变化

man→men child→children

tooth→teeth woman→women

foot→feet mouse→mice

(6)特殊变化

Chinese→Chinese Japanese→Japanese

sheep→sheep deer→deer

actor

名词,意为"(男)演员","女演员"为actress

actor是由动词act+or后缀构成的.

(1)在英语构词中, 动词+后缀or变为名词,表示动作的执行者.

monitor班长 actor演员

visitor参观者 director导演

inventor发明家 editor编辑

(2)在英语构词中,还有动词+后缀er变成名词,也表示动作的执行者.

teacher singer

writer reader

reporter cleaner

painter worker

I want to be _______ actor.

A a B an C the D /

want

作动词,意为"想要,要".相当于would like.

(1)want to do sth 意为"想做某事".

I want to play football in the park.

Do you want to stay here?

(2)want sb to do sth意为想"让某人做某事".

I want my classmates to help me.

My father wants me to finish my homework on time.

My teacher wants us ______(hand) in homework on time.

report

名词,意为"记者,通讯员",其动词为report,意为"报道"

My father is a reporter.

I want to be a reporter.

He reports Morning News.

They all want to be r_________ in the future.

policeman作名词,意为"男警察",其复数为policemen.女警察为policewoman,其复数为policemen.police为名词,指警察,是集合名词.

My brother is a policeman.

I want to be a policeman.

They are all policemen.

The three men are all police.

The dirl doesn't know the way to the park, so she asks _______ for help.

A a teacher B a policeman C a doctor D a nurse

waiter

(1)名词,意为"男服务员",由动词wait+er构成.

(2)"女服务员"为waitress,由动词wait+ress构成.

(3)wait是动词,意为"等待",构成词组

wait for sb 意为"等待某人".

can't wait to do sth 意为"迫不急待做某事".

I'm a waiter. I'm very busy..

Do you want to be a waiter in the future?

Who are you waiting for?

He can't wait to open the box.

My brother is a ________ (wait) in the restaurant.

bank clerk

(1)名词短语,bank意为"银行,银行办公处",clerk名词,意为"职员,管理员".此短语是由"名词+名词"构成.

telephone number

family name

information desk

boy friend

girl friend

man doctor

woman doctor

(2)在英语中所学过的职业有很多.

teacher nurse actor waiter

doctor student reporter bank clerk

shop assistant singer dancer

I want to be a b_______ c_______.

Anna's mother

此用法为名词所有格.在英语中,英语名词可加"'s"来表示所有关系,称之为该名词的所有格.

(1)表示有生命的东西的名词所有格在词尾加"'s".若以"s", "es"结尾的名词复数加"'".

Mary's bike

my father's room

Women's Day

the students' books

my friends' beds

(2)表示时间,距离,集体,城市,国家,自然现象,世界,天体和固定名词等名词的所有格.

today's newspaper

a week's time

the city's park

twenty minutes' walk

(3)并列名词各自的所有格,在每个名词后加"'s".表示诸多名词"共有",则在最后一个名词后加"'s".

Jim and Tom's room

Lucy's and Lily's shoes

Xiao Ming and Xiao Gang's mother

(4)名词所有格所修饰的名词,如上文提到过,再次出现时,该名词可以省略.

My uncle is at Mr Black's (home).

I went to a butcher's (shop) and bought some meat.