中考英语词汇专项练习：一词多义（四）

　　hotel

作名词,意为"酒店,旅馆",表示酒店等级多用class 或star

a first-class hotel 一流酒店

a five-star hotel 五星级酒店

There is a _____(旅馆)near the school.

　　bank

(1)作名词,意为"银行".

There is a bank near here. 在这附近有一家银行.

(2) 作名词,意为"河岸,堤岸"

There are many banana trees on both banks of the river.

在河的两岸有许多香蕉树.

My mother often puts money in a b_____.

street/way/avenue

(1) street意为"街,街道",多指市区内供车辆行人走的道路.

I like playing in the street. 我喜欢在街上玩.

(2) way意为"道路",具有广泛的意义,还可表示抽象意义的"路,路途,方法"等.

Let me tell you the way to my home.

让我来告诉你到我家的路.

(3) avenue多指两侧有树的道路,或用来指城市中一侧或两侧建筑物林立的大道.

There is a library on Fifth Avenue.

I live _____ Green Street.

A on B in C at D of

　　pay

作动词,意为"付钱,支付",构成以下词组:

(1) pay sb 付钱给某人

You should pay him. 你应该付钱给他.

(2) pay money for sth 为某物付钱

He paid 2 yuan for the book. 买这本书他花了2元钱.

(3) pay sb money for sth 为某物付给某人钱

I paid him ten dollars for the coat.

买那件上衣我付给了他10美元

(4) pay money to sb for sth为某物付给某人钱

He pays 40 yuan to the teacher for English lessons every week. 他每周为英语课付给老师40元钱.

take spend cost pay

(1) take 用于表示花时间金钱等,其主语是物,或用以下句型: It takes sb some time /money to do sth.意为"做某事花了某人多长时间或金钱".

It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.

骑自行车到学校花了我半小时的时间.

(2) spend的主语必须是人,构成句型:

spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth

spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth

My mother spent much time on newspaper.

Don't spend too much money buying toys.

(3) cost表示花费时间和金钱,其主语多为物或事.

The coat cost me ten dollars. 这件上衣花了我10美元.

(4) pay 指花费金钱,主语是人

My father paid two yuan for the book.

我父亲买那本书花了2元钱.

-Tom, how much did you _____ for the book?

-Five yuan.

A take B spend C cost D pay

　　near

(1)作介词,意为"在…附近",与far from反义

My house is near my school. 我家离学校很近.

The book is near the pencil-box. 那本书在铅笔盒附近.

(2)作副词,意为"接近,亲近地,在近处"

My uncle lives quite near. 我叔叔住得很近.

Are there any trees _____ the river?

A for B near C in D on

　　center

center多指物体垢正中心,表示"中心,中央"

middle 指中间部,多指位置,不如center精确.

There is a post office on _____ Street.

A center B Middle C middle D Center

The capital city is often the _____ of the very country.

A center B part C middle D point

　　across/through/over

(1) across 作介词,意为"横过,在对面",表示从一定范围的一边到另一边,表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的.

Let's go across the bridge. 让我们一起过桥吧.

(2) though 表示从空间内通过,穿过,强调动作是在物体里面进行的.

He likes walking through the forest. 他喜欢穿越森林.

(3)over表示在空间范围上通过,越过或垂直在上,不和物体接触.

Look! The plane is flying over the city.

瞧,飞机在城市上空飞.

The bank is _____ from the hospital.

　　next to

介词短语,意为"在…旁边,邻近的"

I sit next to Jim. 我坐在吉姆旁边.

There is a library next to me. 在邮局旁边有一家图书馆.

(1)next 也可作介词,意为"紧靠…的旁边"

My friend Tom sits next to me.

我的朋友汤姆坐在我旁边.

(2)next 可作形容词,意为"下一个的,紧挨着的".也可作副词,意为下一步,其次".

Tom is singing in the next room.

汤姆在隔壁房间里唱歌.

I don't know what to do next. 我不知道下一步干什么.

(3)next可与week, month, year等词连到用,表示从现在算起的时间.

next year 明年

next month 下个月

next week 下周

(4)next 前加the,再与week, month, year等词连用,表示从过去时间点算起的时间.

the next week 第二周

the next year 第二年

the next month 第二个月

There is a post office _____ the library.

A near to B next to C of D on

in front of

表示"在…的前面".即处在某人或某物外面的前边,of后常加名词或代词,表示地点.

There is a car in front of the bus.

在公共汽车的前面有一辆小汽车.

Who is in front of you? 谁在你前面?

(1)in front of 与behind的区别用法:

a 二者在表示"在某位置前"时,可以通用.

Mary sits before/in front of me.

玛丽坐在我的前面.

There is a boy in front of/before the blackboard.

在黑板的前面有一个男孩.

b 当表示"在建筑物的前面"时,用in front of.

The library is in front of the post office.

图书馆在邮局的前面.

There is a hospital in front of my school.

我学校前面有一家医院.

c 当表示"在某段时间之前"时,用before, 不用in front of.

Don't forget to finish your homework before six o'clock.

别忘了在六点之前完成你的作业.

(2)in front of与in the front of的区别用法

in front of 强调一个物体在另一个物体外部的前面.

in the front 强调一个物体在另一个物体内部的前面.

There is a desk in the front of the classroom.

在教室前面有一张桌子.

There is a tree and a car in front of the house.

在房子前面有一棵树和一辆小汽车.

There is a blackboard ______ the classroom.

A in front B in front of C in the front of D at front

between…and…

介词短语,表示"在…和…之间",只限于两者之间,三者之间用介词among.

I sit betwwn Tom and Jim. 我坐在汤姆和吉姆之间.

There is a desk between the door and the window.

在门和窗户之间有一张桌子.

It's about 2 kilometers _____ my home and the school.

A in B on C between D for

　　excuse me

意为"对不起,请原谅,打扰一下".用于日常生活中人们向对方提出请求,询问的情况,打扰别人等场合,多用于以下几种情况:

①向陌生人问路

Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the post office?

请问,你能告诉我邮局在哪吗?

②向别人询问情况时

Excuse me, Is this your book?

请问,这是你的书吗?

③客气地请求(允许)时

Excuse me. Can I ask you some questions?

对不起,我可以问你一些问题吗?

④突然有不雅的行为时.

Oh, Excuse me. 哦,对不起.

excuse me 和sorry的区别用法.

a excuse me 用于向对方提出请求,表达不同意见,询问探路或打扰道歉等情况,表示"劳驾,对不起,请问"

Excuse me. Where's the post office?

请问,邮局在哪里?

b sorry表示由于某种失误或不能为对方效劳而抱歉.意为"对不起,抱歉".

I'm sorry I can't help you.对不起我不能帮助你.

-Can you help me learn English?你能帮我学习英语吗?

-Sorry, I can't. I'm not good at it.

对不起,我不能. 我学得不好.

_______. Can you tell me the way to the library?

A Sorry B Excuse C I'm sorry D Excuse me

neighborhood

作名词,意为"附近,邻近,街坊,四邻".构成词组

in the heighborhood 意为"在附近"

in the neighborhood of 意为"在…附近"

We live in a quiet neighborhood.

我们住在很安静的地区

There is a supermarket in the neighborhood.

在附近有一家超市.

We live in the neighborhood of the park.

我们住在公园附近.

There is a library near the post office.(改为同义句)

There is a library ______ ______ ______ ______ the post office.