初中重要短语及知识点总结35：英语重点常考短语（2）

thirst for

渴望；渴求

【例】She thirsted for power.

她渴望拥有权利。

shut out

把……排除在外；使……不能进入；挡住

【例】I want to shut John out of my life for ever.

我想永远不让约翰走进我的生活。

take in

领会；接纳；吸引；收留；欺骗

【例】I could hardly take in what the old man said.

我几乎听不懂老人说了什么。

at all costs

不惜任何代价

【例】The couple must save their only child at all costs.

这对夫妇必须不惜任何代价救治他们的孩子。

in particular

尤其；特别；特殊的

【例】He loves the science fiction in particular.

他特别喜爱科幻小说。

be biased against

对……有偏见

【例】It was unhelpful for doctors to be biased against obese patients.

医生对肥胖病人有成见是无益的。

fold into

（烹饪时）把……调入；折叠成

【例】Beat egg whites until stiff and fold into cake mixture.

将蛋清搅乱打至硬性发泡，混入蛋糕中。

take…to extreme

走极端；被迫采取极端行为

Someone takes exercise，like everything else，to the extreme.

有人在运动上走了极端——他们做任何事都喜欢走极端。

be reluctant to

勉强的；不情愿

【例】If the company is reluctant to give you a list，do some research on your own.

如果公司不情愿给您名单，那您可以独自做一些调查。

in general

通常；概括地讲，总之；一般而言

【例】In general，German cars are very reliable.

德国汽车通常是很可靠的。

now that

既然

【例】Now that the problems have been settled，we needn?t to work overtime.

既然问题已经解决，那我们就不用加班了。

keep down

（使）……降低（或缓和）；控制；镇压；缩减

【例】The local government tries to keep the prices down.

当地政府努力使物价下降。

by / in contrast

相比之下；与……相反

【例】By contrast，he was much cleverer.

相比之下，他要机灵得多。

make fun of

嘲弄；取笑；拿……开玩笑

【例】It?s cruel to make fun of people who stammer.

嘲笑口吃的人是很不人道的。

at length

详尽地；最后

【例】We revisited this topic at length in the meeting.

我们在会议上详细地讨论了这个话题。

apply to

适用于，应用于；运用；把……涂于；向……正式申请

【例】The convention does not apply to us.

这条惯例对我们不适用。

in time

及时；迟早；最后；终于

【例】If you don?t make your choice in time ，you are likely to fall between two stools.

如果你不及时作出决定，就可能会两头落空。

blame on

把……归咎于 / 归罪于，责怪

【例】The police blamed the accident on the driver who was attempting to pass.

警察把事故的责任归咎于当时极力驶过去的司机。

by means of

依靠；通过；借助于

【例】We introduce the method of data extraction by means of an example.

我们用示例的方式来介绍数据抽取的方法。

run against

碰及，碰撞；同……竞选

【例】He hurt his head by running against a wall.

他撞到墙上，撞伤了头部。

get rid of

摆脱；去掉；除去

【例】The owner needs to get rid of the car for financial reasons.

因为经济原因，车主必须把汽车处理掉。

rest on

依靠，依赖；凝视

【例】All our hopes now rest on you.

现在我们所有的希望都寄托在你的身上。

be regarded as

被视为；被认为是；被当作是

【例】In fact，any kind of street performance can be regarded as a form of busking.

事实上，任何类别的街头表演都可以被视为一种街头艺术形式。

reliance on

依靠；信赖

【例】A child has reliance on his or her mother.

孩子都依赖于母亲。

arise from

起因于；产生于

【例】Accidents often arise from carelessness.

事故常起因于粗心。

check on

检查；核查；查对

【例】You should go to have the doctor check on your health.

你应当去找医生检查一下身体的健康状况。

take place

（尤指根据安排或计划）发生；进行

【例】The film festival will take place in October.

电影节将于十月举行。

along with

和……一起 / 一道；沿着；随着；连同

【例】He came along with some friends.

他和几个朋友一道来的。

nothing more than

仅仅，只不过

【例】They expected nothing more than a new-type machine.

他们期望的只不过是几台新型的机器而已。

call for

需求；要求

【例】The situation calls for prompt action.

目前的形势需要立即采取行动。

in the wake of

随着；跟着；效仿

【例】Social problem cropped up in the wake of natural disasters.

自然灾害之后，出现了许多社会问题。

tend to

趋向；易于；照看

【例】I tend to get very uptight during a match.

比赛时我总会紧张得不行。

stick to

坚持；保留；紧跟；附着于；不偏离

【例】It?s impossible if you don?t stick to the rules.

如果你不坚决按规矩办事，那这事就得告吹，

lay off

解雇，辞退；脱掉（?物）；休息

【例】Another 1,000 workers were laid off when the machinery plant was in difficulties.

这家机械厂陷入困境时，又解雇了1000名工人。

carry on

继续进行；从事；进行；继续；经营

【例】They will carry on their negotiation next week.

他们将于下周继续进行谈判。

scrape through

艰难完成；勉强通过

【例】I might scrape through the exam if I?m lucky.

要是走运的话，我也许能勉强及格。

act on / upon

遵照……行动；奉行

【例】A patient will usually listen to the doctor?s advice and act on it.

患者通常都会遵照医嘱办事。

above all

首先；尤其是

【例】Above all，we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses.

首先，我们应该认识自己的优缺点。

seem to

似乎，好像；看起来

【例】Some people seem to be always lucky.

有些人似乎从来都是幸运的。

in line with

符合；一致

【例】The style must be in line with consumer?s preference.

这种款式必须符合消费者的喜好。

ignorance about

在……方面的无知

【例】It is ignorance about money that causes so much greed and so much fear.

在……方面的无知

deal with

处理；对付

【例】He will give you a blank check to deal with the problem.

他会给你处理这个问题的自主权。

access to

接近；有权使用；通向……的入口

【例】How does a private pilot get access to the airways？

resort to

诉诸；求助于

【例】I had to resort to law.

我不得不诉诸法律。

wake up

唤醒；觉醒；（使）振作起来

【例】Be quiet，don?t wake your father up.

安静点儿，别吵醒你爸爸。

on the other hand

（从）另一方面（来说）

【例】On the other hand，the public should also develop the good habit of reducing pollution.

另一方面，大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。

step out of

从……走出

【例】He stepped out of the train at Liverpool.

他在利物浦火车站下了车。

in face of

面临；迎着；不顾

【例】He showed great bravery in face of danger.

他在危机中表现得很勇敢。

oppose to

反对

【例】He tends to be angry when people oppose to his plan.

别人反对他的计划时，他很容易生气。

by chance

偶然地，意外地；碰巧

【例】Life gets better not by chance，but by change.

生活变得美好，不是偶然，而是我们努力改变的结果。

look for

寻找；期待；沾惹

【例】He began to look for a new job immediately a?er he was fired.

他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。

be concerned with

关与；参与，干预；涉及

【例】A party in power must be concerned with the interest of the mass.

执政党必须关心群众的利益。

be busy with

忙于某事；忙着做……

【例】This means your morning will be busy with classes.

这意味着你的早晨将会忙于上课。

adapt to

使适应于……；变得习惯于……

【例】The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change.

世界变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。

live up to

达到；符合；不辜负

【例】He did not live up to his promise.

他没有兑现他的诺言。

thank sb.for sth.

因……感谢某人

【例】Thank you for everything.

感谢你做的一切。

by occasion of

由于

【例】By occasion of his lateness，we can?t watch the movie.

因为他迟到，我们不能看电影了。

complain of

抱怨；诉苦；控告

【例】Nurses complain of being overworked and underpaid.

护士抱怨工作劳累过度而报酬过低。

in sequence

按顺序，依次

【例】He described the events of that day in sequence.

他按次序描述了那一天发生的种种事件。

fall in with

符合；碰到；同意

【例】I hope your ability falls in with your position.

我希望你的能力与职位相配。

face up to

大胆面对

【例】He had to face up to the fact that he falls down on his job.

他必须面对难以胜任这个工作的事实。

take（a）pleasure in

喜欢做某事

【例】He takes pleasure in traveling with families.

他喜欢和家人一起去旅行。

exchange…for…

以……交换

【例】Mary exchanged her jewels for cash.

玛丽把首饰换成了现金。

be opposite to

与……相反；在……对面

【例】My point of view is opposite to yours.

我的观点与你的相反。

give（sb.）credit for

因……而赞扬；信任（某人）；归功于

【例】The Emperor didn?t give Li Guang credit for his work until a?er he died.

皇帝在李广死后才对他的功绩加以表扬。

make / leave an impression on sb.

给……留下印象

【例】I made a great impression on the interviewer.

我给面试官留下了非常好的印象。

be opposed to

反对

【例】I am opposed to living in big cities.

我反对居住在大城市。

in short supply

供应不足

【例】These goods are in short supply all over the country.

这些货物在全国范围内供应不足。

come into use

开始被使用，投入使用

【例】The new machine will come into use next month.

新机器将于下个月投入使用。

commit oneself to…

致力于；献身于；承诺；答应负责

【例】They were reluctant to commit themselves to any problems.

他们不愿为任何问题承担责任。

accuse…of…

控告；控诉；谴责

【例】People accused the government of their inability to handle the problem of food and clothing.

民众谴责政府在处理他们的温饱问题时表现出的无能。

be critical of

对……不满；挑剔

【例】He is critical of grammar in the speech of other people.

他爱挑别人话语中的语法错误。

engage with

与……建立密切关系；适应；忙于，从事

【例】He found it hard to engage with office life.

他发现很难适应办公室生活。

be short of

缺乏，不够

【例】This area is short of water.

这个地区缺水。

lean against

靠着

【例】She leaned againt his shoulder lightly.

她轻轻地靠在他的肩上。

be worthy of

值得；配得上

【例】He is worthy of our praise.

他值得我们的褒奖。

play with fire

玩火；轻举妄动；干冒险的事

【例】We never play with fire at night.

我们晚上从来不玩火。

in no case

决不，在任何情况下都不（放句首倒装句）

【例】In no case are we to give up fighting.

在任何情况下，我们都将不放弃斗争。

pick up

捡钱；（开车）接载；染上（病）；学会

【例】He picked up his knife and fork.

他捡起了刀叉。

be identified with

被视为与……等同；支持

【例】Cigarette is identified with a kind of drug.

香烟也被认为是毒品的一种。

be honest with

诚实；坦诚

【例】Be honest with yourself about what you want.

坦诚地面对自己想要的东西。

be acquainted with

了解；熟悉

【例】No one was acquainted with the whole process of this case.

没人了解这个案件的整个过程。

by no means

绝不；一点也不；并不

【例】She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.

她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。

remedy for

……的治疗方法；补救；药物；解决

【例】There is no simple remedy for unemployment.

失业问题没有简单的解决办法。

within reach of（= within one?s reach）

够得到；能拿到

【例】The toy is within reach of the baby.

婴儿能够到那个玩具。

flesh out

充实

【例】The playwright often fails to flesh out his characters.

该剧作家往往不能使笔下的人物栩栩如生。

to date

到目前为止

【例】We must work out how much we?ve spent to data.

我们必须算出迄今为止花了多少钱。

apologize to sb.for sth.

为……向某人道歉

【例】Why not apologize to Ann for your rudeness？

为什么不为你的无礼向安道歉呢？

share with

与……分享；共享

【例】I have some very sad news to share with all of you.

我有一些十分令人悲痛的消息和你们分享。

no end of

很多，大量

【例】He has no end of books.

他有很多书。

stick with

紧跟；继续做；坚持

【例】Stick with me until we get out of the crowd.

在我们走出人群前，请紧跟着我。

in memory of

作为对……的纪念

【例】They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.

他们将建造一座纪念碑来纪念这位民族英雄。

give effect to

实行；使……生效

【例】The new ruling gives effect to the recommendation of the special committee.

这一新裁定使特别委员会的推荐生效。

break sb.of sth.

使某人改掉某种习惯

【例】It?s not easy to break him of his old habits.

要让他改掉坏习惯可不容易。

deride…as

嘲笑为

【例】They deride his effort as children.

他们嘲笑他的做法很幼稚。

seize on / upon sth.

争取，抓住；占有

【例】We seize on his remark and regard it as a promise.

我们抓住他的话，把它当作是一种承诺。

be intent on

专心；专注

【例】He was so intent on his work that he didn?t notice the time.

他太专心工作，以致忘了时间。

call…in question

对……表示怀疑

【例】I call the accuracy of these figures in question.

我怀疑这些数字的准确性。

be supposed to do sth.

（按规定、习惯、安排等）应该做某事；被期望做某事

【例】You?re not supposed to walk on the grass.

不要践踏草地。

in behalf of

为……的利益

【例】They work overnight in behalf of company.

为了公司的利益，他们彻夜工作。

agree on / upon

同意；达成协议

【例】We failed to agree on the terms of a settlement.

我们未能就和解的条件达成协议。

allow for

考虑到，顾及

【例】Allowing for their children，the Greens decided to change the plan of travel.

考虑到他们的孩子，格林一家决定改变旅行计划。

on equal terms

以平等的关系，以平等的地位

【例】The treaty was concluded on equal terms.

在平等的基础上订立了条约。

（be）in / out of sight

看得见 / 看不见

【例】I?ll be here waiting for you whether I?m in or out of your sight.

不管你看不看得见我，我都会在这里等着你。

be sensitive to

对……敏感

【例】She is sensitive to other?s word.

她对别人的话很敏感。

go to great pains

费力；煞费苦心

【例】He went to great pains to explain the problem to us.

他费了很大劲向我们解释那个问题。

in the view of

按照……的观点

【例】In the view of these two men，entrepreneurship is the future of the world.

在这两个人看来，企业家精神是世界的未来。

in the eyes of（= in one?s eyes ）

在……看来

【例】In the eyes of my parents，I am forever a child.

在父母眼中，我永远是个孩子。

on occasion

不时地；必要时

【例】He climbs mountains on occasion.

他时不时就去爬山。

in no way

无论怎样也不（放句子要倒装）

【例】In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.

我绝不会采纳他的任何做法。

drop out

退出；脱离；退学

【例】Why did you drop out in the middle of the marathon？

你为什么在马拉松赛跑途中退出？

sort out

解决；挑出；整理；区分；安排妥当

【例】Sort out the problem in any way you think fit.

用你认为恰当的方法来解决这个问题。

bound for

前往；开往

【例】I boarded the plane bound for England.

我登上了前往英格兰的飞机。

in the face of

面对（困难等情况）

【例】He took his courage in both hands in the face of danger.

面对危险，他勇往直前。

be preferable to

比……更好

【例】Owning a car might be preferable to owning a bicycle.

与拥有一辆自行车相比，人民更愿意拥有一辆汽车。

come into sight

进入视野；出现

【例】A cloud of flowers come into sight a?er turning a corner.

转过弯后，一大片花海映入眼帘。

prevail over

战胜

【例】I believe justice can prevail over evil.

我相信正义能够战胜邪恶。

emerge from

出现；暴露；摆脱

【例】The rabbit will not emerge from its hole while you are there.

你在那站着，兔子是不会出洞的

have an ear for

对……听觉灵敏；对……有鉴赏力

【例】Any singer needs to have an ear for music.

任何歌唱家都要对音乐十分敏感。

place / put / have trust in

相信，信赖

【例】They didn?t place their trust in the information received from her.

他们并不相信她提供的信息。

be faithful to

对……忠诚

【例】They promised to be faithful to their ideal forever.

他们保证永远忠于自己的理想。

be equal to

胜任；等于

【例】Henry is quite equal to running the office.

亨利有足够的能力管理这个部门。

speak well of

说……的好话，称赞

【例】She o?en speak well of you in front of others.

她经常在别人面前说你的好话。

be subject to

The arms trade should be subject to rigorous controls.

对军队贸易应该严加限制。

trust（…）to

依靠；把……委托给

【例】Don?t trust to your own memory too much.

不要过分依赖自己的记忆力。

have words with sb.

与……争吵

【例】Tom has words with his wife every day.

汤姆每天和他妻子吵架。

be out of use

不再被使用；作废

【例】That kind of machine was out of use nowadays.

如今那种机器已经不再被使用了。

distinguish…from…

把……与……区别开，区分

【例】How do you distinguish these three pictures from one another？

你怎么区分这三幅画呢？

on schedule

按时，准时

【例】He could have finished it on schedule.

他本能按时做完这件事的。

give rise to

引起，导致；使发生

【例】Such conducts might give rise to misunderstanding.

这种行为可能会引起误解。

be relevant to

与……有关的

【例】This is a job that is relevant to books.

这是一份与书有关的工作。

be valid for

（对……）有效的

【例】Your ticket will be valid for a day.

你的票一天都有效。

close off

封锁；隔离

【例】All the streets have been closed off by the police.

所有的街道都被警察封锁了。

cry out against

大声反对；斥责

【例】The specialists cry out against the proposal.

专家们极力反对这一建议。

remark on / upon

对……发表评价；议论

【例】I won?t remark anything on the result.

我对这个结果不发表任何评论。

cater to sb. / sth.

迎合；满足需要

【例】Those newspapers cater to the lowest tastes.

这些报纸迎合低级趣味。

in accord with

与……一致

【例】Most people are in accord with their desire for peace.

在渴望和平这一点上，大多数人都是一致的。

take the initiative

采取主动

【例】He is shy and does not take the initiative in making acquaintances.

他很腼腆，不会去主动交友。

at the mercy of

受……支配；对……无能为力；任由……摆布

【例】We were at the mercy of the weather.

我们受制于天气。

in view of

鉴于；考虑到……

【例】In view of the present situation，we will have to revise our original plan.

鉴于目前这种情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划。

interfere in

干涉（后?只可接sth.）

【例】Please don?t interfere in my privacy.

请不要干涉我的隐私。

coupled / combined with

加上，外加；与……相结合

【例】His intelligence，coupled with her patience，overcame all difficulties.

他的智慧，加上她的耐心，克服了重重困难。

in / out of touch with sb.

与某人有 / 无联系

【例】I?m going to get in touch with these people.

我会跟这些人取得联系。

it occurs to sb.

某人想到……

【例】It never occured to me that he got a divorce.

我怎么也没有想到他会离婚。

be concerned with

关心；与……有关

【例】You only need to be concerned with the inner aspect.

你只需要关心内在方面。

dispose of（ = throw away ）

处理掉；解决

【例】He was forced to dispose of his art treasures.

他被迫处理掉自己的艺术珍藏。

react against

反对；反抗

【例】We?ve got it within us to react against prejudice.

我们将会反对歧视。

to one?s heart?s content

尽情地，痛痛快快地

【例】He had the chance to play the violin to his heart?s content.

be popular with / among

受欢迎的；拥戴

【例】He was considered popular with all members.

他在所有成员都很受欢迎。

cope with

应付，处理

【例】He can cope with the present situation.

他能够应付当前的局势。

take…into account

把……考虑进去

【例】We must take this condition into account.

我们必须把这个条件考虑进去。

specialize in

专门研究

【例】He specializes in oriental history.

他专门研究东方史。

in charge of…

负责

【例】He is in charge of the project.

这个项目是他负责的。

be liable to

易于……；应受（处罚等）

【例】He is liable to be reached by flattery.

他容易被谄媚奉承所打动。

amount to

合计；等同于

【例】His debts amount to over three million dollars.

他的债务合计高达三百万美元。