初二英语语法知识整理

　　1.由that引导，由于that没有任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。 

　　e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan. 

　　Tom says (that) he must study hard. 

　　She told me (that) she was a student. 

　　(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。 

　　e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all. (2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。 

　　2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导，含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。 e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about? 

　　Can you tell me what they’re looking for? 

　　I don’t know where she has gone. 

　　I wonder how she can find us. 

　　She didn’t tell me where her hometown was. 

　　3.由从属连词whether和if引导，含有“是否，能否，对否，有否”等一般疑问意义。 e.g.She asked me if I could help her. 

　　Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book. 

　　Please tell me whether you can come or not. 

　　在这类宾语从句中要注意两点： 

　　(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 

　　if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”，从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。 

　　if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher. 

　　I don’t know if the letter is yours. 

　　They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow. 

　　I’ll give it to her if she comes next week. 

　　(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换，但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。 

　　e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not. 

　　Let me know whether you can come or not. 

　　I want to know whether you can help me or not.